Copland Immigration Services

A Command paper titled “A fairer Pathway to Settlement – a Statement and Accompanying Consultation on Earned Settlement” issued by the Home Office in November 2025.

Here are the key changes and points from the UK’s proposed earned settlement (ILR) model, based on the article:

✅ 1. New “earned settlement” framework

• Introduces a structured, points-based model for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR).
• Moves away from automatic ILR after a fixed period — settlement must now be earned

✅ 2. Standard qualifying period

• 10 years of continuous lawful residence becomes the baseline for most applicants.
• 20 years for those granted protection (e.g., refugees).

✅ 3. Core requirements for ILR

• English language at B2 level.
• Life in the UK Test must be passed.
• Must have earned an income and paid National Insurance contributions.

✅ 4. Ways to shorten the route

• Faster ILR may be possible for those who:
• Earn higher salaries.
• Volunteer or engage in community service.
• Work in priority or public sector roles (e.g., health, education)

✅ 5. Possible extensions to the route

• Longer qualifying periods or penalties for:
• Illegal entry or overstaying.
• Using public funds ineligible for migrants.
• Breaches of immigration conditions.

✅ 6. Abolition of old routes

• The current 10-year long residence route to ILR will be abolished.

✅ 7. Consultation period

• The UK government is seeking feedback through a public consultation.
• Consultation closes 12 February 2026.

This paper presents a proposal to reform the UK settlement (indefinite leave to remain) system by introducing an “earned settlement” model. Under this model, settlement would no longer be automatic after a fixed period of residence, but instead require applicants to meet core criteria of character, integration, contribution and residence. The baseline qualifying period for most applicants would increase from 5 years to 10 years, with possible reductions for individuals making significant contributions (e.g., high earnings, public service, volunteering) and possible extensions for those with adverse factors (e.g., illegal entry, benefit use). The consultation sets out mandatory minimum requirements (such as English at B2 level, passing the Life in the UK test, having no serious criminal record or debt) and invites input on how the qualifying period should be adjusted up or down. It forecasts that 1.3–2.2 million people could be eligible for settlement between 2026-30, and frames the reform as necessary to ensure migration supports economic self-sufficiency, integration and public trust in the immigration system. assets.publishing.service.gov.uk